This article explores the principles, applications, lamp selection, and future trends of plant lighting technology, a multidisciplinary field crucial for modern agriculture and plant research. It highlights how different light wavelengths (e.g., red, blue) influence photosynthesis, growth stages, and crop quality. Key applications include greenhouse sheds, plant factories, vertical farms, and home gardening, with LED lamps emerging as the preferred choice for their energy efficiency, spectral flexibility, and safety. Technical parameters like light compensation/saturation points and photoperiod management are discussed, alongside current advancements in intelligent systems and sustainable designs.
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